The Town of the Esch-on-Alzette is, after Luxembourg-City, the second city of the Grand Duché of Luxembourg with 34,413 citizens. On the 01.02.2017, the Town of the Esch-on-Alzette counts 57.48% from abroad (19,782 people) who have approximately 120 different nationalities, the majority are native of Portugal (11,486 people or 33.37% of thecitizen). The Luxembourgers are 14,631 (42.52% of the inhabitants).
The city has an industrial History, but in the middle of the years 1970, the city was obliged to organize the post-iron and steel era. On the place of lands of the large factory of Belval, there is now a new urbanisation, accompanied by an economic diversification, was developed: dwellings, trade, hotels, administrations, arts centres, research institutes and, since two years, the opening of the University of Luxembourg.